Tuesday, January 7, 2020

Which Brutus Could Have Been Caesars Son

In Roman history, three men with the name Brutus stand out. The first Brutus spanned the change from monarchy to Republic. The other two were involved in the assassination of Julius Caesar. Which of these men was supposed to have been Caesars son? Is this also the Brutus who is called the most famous of the men in the Caesar assassination conspiracy? It is unlikely that Julius Caesar was the father of either of the men called Brutus who were involved in Caesars assassination conspiracy. The two men were: Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus (c.85-43 B.C.) and Marcus Junius Brutus (85-42 B.C.). Marcus Brutus was also called Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus after his adoption. Who Was Decimus Brutus? Decimus Brutus was a remote cousin of Caesar. Ronald Syme* (20th-century classicist and author of The Roman Revolution and an authoritative biography of Sallust) believes Decimus Brutus was the one who might have been Caesars son. The mother of Decimus was Sempronia. Who Was Marcus Brutus? The mother of Marcus Brutus was Servilia, with whom Caesar had a long-term affair. Marcus Brutus divorced his wife Claudia in order to marry Caesars fierce opponent Catos daughter Porcia. Marcus Brutus convinced Decimus Brutus to join the conspiracy. Then Decimus Brutus persuaded Caesar to go to the Senate despite Caesars wife Calpurnias warnings. Decimus Brutus is supposed to have been the third to stab Caesar. Afterward, he was the first assassin to be killed. It is reported that when Caesar saw Marcus Brutus approach to stab him, he pulled his toga over his head. Other reports include a memorable last line, possibly in Greek or the one that Shakespeare uses, Et tu, Brute.... This is the Brutus attributed with the original of John Wilkes Booths famous Sic semper tyrannis So always to tyrants. Brutus may not have said it. Clearly, Marcus Brutus is the Brutus referred to as the most famous of Caesars assassins. Usually given as an objection to Caesars being the father of Marcus Brutus -- although it would be just as valid or irrelevant with Decimus -- Caesar would have had to sire his son at around the age of 14. *No Son for Caesar? by Ronald Syme. Historia: Zeitschrift fà ¼r Alte Geschichte, Vol. 29, No. 4 (4th Qtr., 1980), pp. 422-437

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